Sports Nutrition

Tip Sheet: How proper nutrition fuels hoop dreams during March Madness

Taylor Thomas — Thu, 12 Mar 2026 13:56:15 +0000

Tip Sheet: How proper nutrition fuels hoop dreams during March Madness Taylor Thomas Thu, 03/12/2026 - 09:56

Sports enthusiasts are gearing up for the largest college basketball tournament in the nation: March Madness. As fans finalize their brackets and get gameday snacks ready, athletes are also fueling for prolonged and fast-paced competition. Registered sports dietitian Allison McKay and �鶹��Ƶ Athletics sports dietitian Quinten Patterson, who is also the preceptor for dietetics students completing supervised practice hours in the Graduate Program in Nutrition and Dietetics, explain what keeps college basketball players energized through the final buzzer.

Allison McKay (left) and Quentin Patterson (right) share professional perspective into collegiate athletes' nutritional needs. Photo by Mary Cunningham.

For fans’ March Madness watch party menus, Patterson and McKay recommend a balanced blend of carbs, proteins, healthy fats, and plant-based foods. Nuts, fruits, vegetables, and chips and dips are great snacks to help you cheer your favorite team through to the finals.

But how can student athletes fuel their Sweet 16 dreams? Learn more from Patterson and McKay about how nutrition impacts college athletes:

How does nutrition support student-athletes' demanding schedules?

Patterson: Between classes, travel, training, and competition, student-athletes’ busy schedules burn a lot of calories, up to over 4,000 calories in a single day. Enjoying nutrient-dense snacks sourced from whole foods helps give our athletes the bump in energy to get through their busy day. Nuts, fruits, yogurt, and granola are a few examples of whole foods that are delicious, nutrient-dense, and easy to carry around.

What role do nutrition and rest play during long tournaments like March Madness?

McKay: Athletes experience both mental and physical stress during prolonged competitions and tournaments, so sleep, rest, and proper nutrition are critical elements. Not having enough energy during these times can increase possible irritability, anxiety, and can reduce concentration, which can increase the risk of injury. Recovery and nutrition can support resilience and help athletes perform their best in repeated efforts, like March Madness.

What do college basketball players eat on game day to maximize energy and focus?

Patterson: Game day meals have three main components: High-quality proteins, complex carbohydrates, and nutrient-dense fruits and vegetables. Players start their game day with a balanced breakfast in the morning and a pre-game meal a couple of hours before game time. It’s important to avoid fried or other high-fat foods in the hours before tip-off. These foods take a while to digest and can slow down our players on the court.

How can athletes reduce the stress of high-stakes tournaments and games?

McKay: Ensuring adequate fueling, especially carbohydrates, can help reduce stress during heavy training or competitions. Micronutrients such as magnesium, iron (if deficient), zinc, Vitamin D, Vitamin C, and B vitamins can support the muscles and nervous system. Omega-3 fatty acids, which can be found in foods like salmon and chia seeds, can reduce inflammation and support joint health. Student athletes can require up to two or three times more protein than the average person. Most people need between 0.36 - 0.45 grams of protein per pound of body weight. However, collegiate athletes typically need almost double that—between 0.54 - 0.91 grams of protein per pound of body weight.

How do nutrition needs change when teams play multiple games in a short time span, like the March Madness Tournament?

Patterson: Nutrient timing is important to ensure athletes are ready to go for the next round. Players’ bodies respond better to ingested carbohydrates and proteins in the couple of hours after the game to shuttle those nutrients to their proper places. Post-game meals look similar to pre-game meals in that they are full of high-quality proteins and complex carbohydrates. Healthy fats are a great inclusion here to top off energy stores.

What foods help athletes stay focused during high-pressure games?

McKay: Mental acuity in athletes starts with stable blood sugar levels. Carbohydrates are critical for focus and quick decision-making, as the brain relies heavily on glucose for fuel. Before a high-pressure game, eating easily digestible carbohydrates, like oatmeal, rice, pasta, toast, a bagel, yogurt, or even a smoothie can help to ensure a constant energy source for the competition. During a prolonged event, the athlete may need to have additional carbohydrates from sports drinks or gels to sustain energy levels and prevent fatigue.

How important is hydration during March Madness?

McKay: Ensuring proper hydration is highly important. Even a mild level of dehydration can negatively impact concentration and performance. Starting the game fully hydrated is necessary, and replenishing fluid and electrolytes lost through sweat can make all the difference.

MEDIA INQUIRIES: For reporters who wish to speak to Allison McKay or Quentin Patterson about collegiate athlete nutrition or sports dietetics, please email media contact Michelle Thompson at mthomp7@gmu.edu.

Allison McKay, MS, RDN, CSSD, has been a registered dietitian for more than 25 years and has experience providing nutrition education and Medical Nutrition Therapy in hospitals, long-term care facilities and has been a research dietitian in several longitudinal research studies. Prior to working at George �鶹��Ƶ, she worked at the Cancer Research Center at the University of Hawaii and was a consulting dietitian with Dietitian Consulting Services LLC in Seattle, Washington. She holds an MS in Exercise, Fitness and Health Promotion from �鶹��Ƶ and is a Board-Certified Sports Dietitian.

Quinten Patterson is the George �鶹��Ƶ Athletics Sports Dietitian. Patterson's experience in sports nutrition includes serving as a Seasonal Sports Dietitian for the Tampa Bay Rays Triple-A affiliate, the Durham Bulls, during the 2024 season, as well as assisting NCAA athletes prepare for the NFL combine with EXOS Sports Performance Center in Plano, Texas. Prior to joining George �鶹��Ƶ, Patterson was a registered dietitian at VIDA Fitness, where he provided nutrition counseling and support to clients as part of the organization's health and wellness initiatives. Patterson joined George �鶹��Ƶ Athletics in February 2026 and will serve as preceptor for dietetics students completing supervised practice hours in the Graduate Program in Nutrition and Dietetics.

Patterson previously served as a Renal Dietitian with DaVita, focusing on patient-centered care in a dialysis clinic environment. He also worked as a Clinical Dietitian with the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, supporting psychiatric patient care. Early in his career, Patterson held a role at UT Southwestern Medical Center as a Research Assistant, contributing to biomedical and clinical research efforts in developmental nephrology.

�鶹��Ƶ �鶹��Ƶ

�鶹��Ƶ is Virginia’s largest public research university. Located near Washington, D.C., �鶹��Ƶ enrolls more than 40,000 students from 130 countries and all 50 states. �鶹��Ƶ has grown rapidly over the past half-century and is recognized for its innovation and entrepreneurship, remarkable diversity, and commitment to accessibility. In 2023, the university launched �鶹��Ƶ Now: Power the Possible, a one-billion-dollar comprehensive campaign to support student success, research, innovation, community, and stewardship. Learn more at gmu.edu.

�鶹��Ƶ College of Public Health at �鶹��Ƶ

The College of Public Health at �鶹��Ƶ is the first College of Public Health in Virginia and a national leader in inclusive, interprofessional, public health research, education, and practice. The college comprises public health disciplines, health administration and policy, informatics, nursing, nutrition, and social work. The college offers a distinct array of degrees to support research and training of professionals dedicated to ensuring health and well-being for all. The college’s transdisciplinary research seeks to understand the many factors that influence the public’s health and well-being throughout the lifespan.

In This Story

Allison McKay MS, RD, CSSD

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Nutrition and March Madness for athletes and fans

Learn more about how College of Public Health and the Athletics Department are partnering to support George �鶹��Ƶ athletes.

Key Takeaways:

Sports dietitians Quentin Patterson and Allison McKay answer what college basketball players need to succeed in strenuous competitions like the March Madness tournament.
Collegiate athletes require a balanced and energy-dense diet, as well as adequate rest and hydration, to support them through schedules packed with classes, travel, training, and competition.
Foods like nuts, fruits, yogurt, oatmeal, rice, pasta, toast, and smoothies help athletes maintain the energy needed to compete in back-to-back competitions.

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Fueling for gold: How nutrition impacts strength, speed, and recovery in Olympic athletes

Taylor Thomas — Wed, 18 Feb 2026 17:31:25 +0000

Fueling for gold: How nutrition impacts strength, speed, and recovery in Olympic athletes Taylor Thomas Wed, 02/18/2026 - 12:31

If our bodies are machines and food is fuel, it is safe to say that elite performance requires high-octane nutrition. As the Winter Olympics continue in Italy, the world watches as top athletes display the highest capabilities of the human body. Behind the scenes, nutritionists and dietitians are working to ensure these athletes are ready to compete at the peak level.

Allison McKay, board-certified sports dietitian, registered dietitian and Clinical Coordinator of the Graduate Program in Nutrition and Dietetics at �鶹��Ƶ’s College of Public Health, answers questions about the importance of nutrition in keeping athletes in top shape so they’re ready to go for gold.

Olympic athletes are competing at the highest level. How does nutrition fuel peak performance in training and competition?

Elite performance does not occur by chance; it emerges when multiple variables align to create an environment that supports adaptation, resilience, and execution at the highest level. Nutrition is foundational. During both training and competition, fueling is one of the few performance variables that can be intentionally controlled and strategically manipulated. Like a high-performance engine that cannot run without adequate fuel, the human body depends on sufficient energy availability to sustain workload, support physiological adaptation, and ultimately translate preparation into performance.

Athletes must navigate complex and often competing demands, including high training loads, rigorous travel schedules, jet lag, variable environmental conditions, sport-specific cultural norms, and interpersonal or performance-related stressors. Each of these factors influences appetite, metabolism, hydration needs, and food access. Effective sports nutrition practice requires both scientific rigor and practical adaptability. Sports dietitians must anticipate barriers, individualize strategies, and implement creative solutions to ensure that fueling plans remain feasible, evidence-based, and aligned with the athlete’s performance goals.

What does a typical day of fueling look like for an elite winter athlete, such as a skier, skater, or hockey player?

Fueling strategies for elite athletes are designed to support the full spectrum of performance demands: meeting energy requirements for training and competition, facilitating recovery, and promoting the physiological adaptations that underpin long-term improvement. Meals are intentionally structured around the demands of a given day. Total energy needs may range from 1,500 to 4,000 calories more than the average adult, depending on the athlete’s physical attributes and training schedule. Even within the same athlete, energy requirements can change in the middle of a training cycle. Accordingly, meals must be individualized and adjusted to align with sport-specific demands and performance goals. A high-volume training day will differ from a competition day in both structure and nutrient timing.

Carbohydrate intake before, during, and after exercise helps maintain blood glucose levels, preserve glycogen stores, and delay fatigue. Hydration should occur before, during, and after activity, and electrolyte replacement should be incorporated as needed to support fluid balance and neuromuscular function. Protein intake becomes particularly important in the recovery period.

The amount of nutrients required depends on body size, training intensity, and duration. Meals on a typical training day, for example, an Olympic hockey player may look like a high-carb early pre-training meal, strategic carbohydrate and fluid intake during a two- to four-hour, practice session, a carbohydrate-packed high-protein snack for recovery, and lunches and dinners packed with nutrient-dense carbohydrate sources and adequate protein distribution. This diet is carefully crafted to sustain energy, maintain hydration, and support muscle repair. Pre-competition meals are often adjusted to prioritize easily digestible foods lower in fiber and fat to reduce gastrointestinal distress while still maintaining energy availability.

What role do hydration, timing of meals, and recovery nutrition play in maximizing performance and preventing injury?

Proper hydration is fundamental to performance. In addition to normal daily fluid losses, exercise substantially increases fluid loss through sweat. Sweat plays a critical role in maintaining a stable core temperature during physical activity. When fluid losses (such as sweat) are not adequately replaced, dehydration can occur, leading to increased cardiovascular strain, elevated core temperature, and disruption of metabolic processes. Even a tiny reduction in body weight due to fluid loss can impair cognitive function, reaction time, and neuromuscular coordination, effects that are particularly concerning in sports requiring rapid decision-making and precision, such as skiing or hockey.

Nutrient timing also plays a strategic role in performance and recovery. Optimal refueling ensures that the physiological stress of training translates into adaptation rather than excessive fatigue. Recovery is essential for sustained performance. Heavy training loads can temporarily suppress immune function, increasing vulnerability to illness. Monitoring overall energy intake and micronutrient adequacy is therefore critical. Nutrients that support immune health include omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc, selenium, magnesium, folate, vitamins B6 and B12, and vitamin C. While these nutrients are important, excessive supplementation is not advised. The objective is to maintain health and resilience without interfering with the natural adaptive processes that drive improved performance.

How do sports dietitians individualize nutrition plans based on an athlete’s sport, body composition goals, and metabolic demands?

Sports dietitians function as integral members of a multidisciplinary performance team dedicated to optimizing athlete health and competitive outcomes. Sports dietitians anticipate logistical challenges, including identifying appropriate food options and menu availability during travel and strategies to mitigate the effects of jet lag. They translate evidence-based nutrition science into practical, feasible plans that align with competition schedules and training cycles.

Most importantly, no two athletes are identical. Nutritional strategies must be individualized to reflect differences in physiology, performance goals, tolerance, and personal context. Through personalized planning and collaborative care, the sports dietitian helps create the conditions necessary for athletes to perform at their highest potential.

For students interested in working with elite or competitive athletes, what training and skills are essential—and how?

Most organizations that employ sports nutrition professionals require credentialing as a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN), along with advanced board certification as a Certified Specialist in Sports Dietetics (CSSD). The RDN credential requires completion of an accredited didactic program in dietetics, a master’s level degree, supervised experiential practice, successful completion of the national registration examination, and ongoing continuing education to maintain competency. The CSSD credential represents additional specialized training and experience in sports nutrition and requires documented practice hours and passing a board certification examination. Together, these credentials signal both foundational clinical expertise and advanced competency in performance nutrition.

Beyond formal education and certification, effectiveness in elite sport environments depends on more than technical knowledge. Strong communication skills, the ability to collaborate within interdisciplinary teams, cultural humility, discretion, adaptability, and a willingness to travel are essential. Working with elite athletes requires trust, professionalism, and the capacity to translate complex science into clear, actionable guidance under high-performance pressure.

�鶹��Ƶ offers a Master of Science in Nutrition with a concentration in Dietetics through the Department of Nutrition and Food Studies. This program meets the academic eligibility requirements to pursue the RDN credential and prepares graduates for advanced practice opportunities, including sports nutrition. Prospective students are encouraged to connect with the department to learn more about pathways into this dynamic and impactful field.

MEDIA INQUIRIES: For reporters who wish to speak to Allison McKay about sports nutrition, please email media contact Michelle Thompson at mthomp7@gmu.edu.

Allison McKay, MS, RDN, CSSD, has been a registered dietitian for more than 25 years and has experience providing nutrition education and Medical Nutrition Therapy in hospitals, long-term care facilities and has been a research dietitian in several longitudinal research studies. Prior to working at George �鶹��Ƶ, she worked at the Cancer Research Center at the University of Hawaii and was a consulting Dietitian with Dietitian Consulting Services, LLC in Seattle, Washington. She holds an MS in Exercise, Fitness and Health Promotion from �鶹��Ƶ and is a Board Certified Sports Dietitian.

�鶹��Ƶ �鶹��Ƶ

�鶹��Ƶ College of Public Health at �鶹��Ƶ

The College of Public Health at �鶹��Ƶ is the first College of Public Health in Virginia and a national leader in inclusive, interprofessional, public health research, education, and practice. The college is comprised of public health disciplines, health administration and policy, informatics, nursing, nutrition, and social work. The college offers a distinct array of degrees to support research and training of professionals dedicated to ensuring health and well-being for all. The college’s transdisciplinary research seeks to understand the many factors that influence the public’s health and well-being throughout the lifespan.

In This Story

Allison McKay MS, RD, CSSD

Key Takeaways

Board-certified sports dietitian Allison Mckay details the critical role of nutrition in fueling the world's top athletes.
Olympic athletes require a carefully curated diet including carbohydrates, high-quality proteins, and precise hydration to achieve peak performance.
Sports dietitians are uniquely trained to provide evidence-based guidance to help athletes achieve their goals.

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Department of Nutrition and Food Studies

Research

Alumni

In the George

Sports Nutrition

Tip Sheet: How proper nutrition fuels hoop dreams during March Madness

How does nutrition support student-athletes' demanding schedules?

What role do nutrition and rest play during long tournaments like March Madness?

What do college basketball players eat on game day to maximize energy and focus?

How can athletes reduce the stress of high-stakes tournaments and games?

How do nutrition needs change when teams play multiple games in a short time span, like the March Madness Tournament?

What foods help athletes stay focused during high-pressure games?

How important is hydration during March Madness?

In This Story

Nutrition and March Madness for athletes and fans

Key Takeaways:

Topics

Fueling for gold: How nutrition impacts strength, speed, and recovery in Olympic athletes

Olympic athletes are competing at the highest level. How does nutrition fuel peak performance in training and competition?

What does a typical day of fueling look like for an elite winter athlete, such as a skier, skater, or hockey player?

What role do hydration, timing of meals, and recovery nutrition play in maximizing performance and preventing injury?

How do sports dietitians individualize nutrition plans based on an athlete’s sport, body composition goals, and metabolic demands?

For students interested in working with elite or competitive athletes, what training and skills are essential—and how?

In This Story

Key Takeaways

Related Stories

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